Terminology
- 1 Ichi
- 2 Ni
- 3 San
- 4 Shi
- 5 Go
- 6 Roku
- 7 Shichi
- 8 Hachi
- 9 Ku
- 10 Ju
- Ai-yotsu Same grip used by both persons, either right or left
- Ashi Foot, leg
- Ayumi-Ashi Ordinary pattern of walking
- Batsugun Instant promotion
- Budo Martial ways
- Bujutsu Martial arts
- Bushido Way of the warrior
- Chui Penalty (no longer used)
- Dan Black belt rank
- Debana Instant of opportunity to break balance as opponent initiates a motion
- Dojo School or training hall for studying the way
- Eri Collar, lapel
- Fudoshin Immovable spirit
- Fusegi Escapes
- Fusen Gachi Win by default
- Goshin Jutsu Art of self defense
- Hajime Begin
- Hando no Kuzushi Unbalancing by reaction
- Hansoku-make Most serious penalty, disqualification
- Hantei Referee call for judge’s decision
- Happo no Kuzushi Kuzushi in 8 directions
- Hara Stomach
- Hidari Left
- Hiji Elbow
- Hiki-wake No decision–tie or draw
- Hikite Pulling hand — usually the hand gripping a sleeve
- Hiza Knee
- Ippon Victory in one move, one point
- Jigotai Defensive posture
- Jikan Referee call to stop the clock
- Jita Kyoei Principle of mutual prosperity
- Joseki Place of honor, upper seat
- Judo Gentle or flexible way
- Judo Ichidai A Judo life, spending one’s life in the diligent pursuit of Judo
- Judogi Judo practice uniform
- Judoka One who studies Judo
- Ju no Ri Principle of flexibility or yielding
- Jujutsu Gentle art
- Kaeshi-Waza Counter techniques
- Kake Completion or execution of technique
- Kappo Resuscitation techniques
- Kata Forms, shoulder
- Katsu Resuscitation
- Keikoku Penalty (no longer used)
- Kenka Yotsu Opposite grips used by each person, one right/one left
- Kiai To gather spirit with a shout
- Kinshi-Waza Techniques prohibited in competition
- Ki o tsuke Attention
- Kodansha High ranking judoka — 5th dan and above
- Kodokan Judo institute in Tokyo where Judo was founded
- Kogeki Seyo Order for judoka to attack
- Koka Score less than a yuko
- Koshi Hip
- Kubi Neck
- Kumikata Gripping methods
- Kuzure Modified hold
- Kuzushi Unbalancing the opponent
- Kyoshi Instructor
- Kyu Student rank
- Maai Space or engagement distance
- Mae Forward, front
- Mae Sabaki Frontal escape
- Mate Stop (wait)
- Migi Right
- Mudansha Students below black belt rank
- Mune Chest
- Nage Throw
- Nagekomi Repetitive throwing practice
- Obi Belt
- Okuden Secret teachings
- Osaekomi Pin, referee call to begin timing
- Osaekomi Toketa Escape, stop timing of hold
- Randori Free practice
- Randori no Kata Forms of free practice techniques
- Randori-Waza Techniques for free practice
- Rei Bow
- Reiho Forms of respect, manners,etiquette
- Renraku-Waza Combination techniques
- Ritsurei Standing bow
- Seika Tanden A point in the abdomen that is the center of gravity
- Seiryoku Zenyo Principle of maximum efficiency
- Seiza Formal kneeling posture
- Sen Attack initiative
- Sensei Teacher, instructor
- Shiai Contest
- Shiaijo Competition area
- Shido Penalty, equal to koka score
- Shihan Title for a model teacher or “teacher who sets the standard” (i.e. Kano-shihan)
- Shinpan Referee
- Shintai Moving forwards, sideways & backwards
- Shisei Posture
- Shizentai Natural posture
- Shomen Dojo front
- Sode Sleeve
- Soke Founder of a martial art
- Sono Mama Stop action; command to freeze
- Sore Made Finished, time is up
- Sute Geiko Randori throwing practice against a higher level judoka
- Tai Sabaki Body control, turning
- Tatami Mat
- Te Hand, arm
- Tekubi Wrist
- Tokui-Waza Favorite or best technique
- Tori Person performing a technique
- Tsugi Ashi Walking by bringing one foot up to another
- Tsukuri Entry into a technique, positioning
- Tsurite Lifting hand
- Uchikomi Repeated practice without completion
- Ude Arm
- Uke Person receiving the technique
- Ukemi Breakfall techniques
- Ushiro Backward, rear
- Ushiro Sabaki Back movement control
- Waki Armpit
- Waza Technique
- Waza Ari Near ippon or half point
- Waza ari Awasete Ippon Two waza-ari together for ippon
- Yakusoku Geiko (or renshu) Pre-arranged free practice
- Yoko Side
- Yoshi Resume action, continue
- Yubi Finger
- Yudansha Person who earned the black belt
- Yudanshakai Black belt association
- Yuko Score less than a waza-ari
- Yusei Gachi Win by judge’s decision
- Zanshin Awareness
- Zarei Kneeling salutation
- Zubon Pants